Policy and Practice Database

The Santiago Network was established at COP25 in Madrid as part of the Warsaw International Mechanism for Loss and Damage (WIM) under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change with the objective of “catalysing technical assistance of relevant organisations, bodies, networks and experts, for the implementation of relevant approaches for averting, minimise and addressing loss and damage at the local, national and regional level, in developing countries that are particularly vulnerable to the adverse effects of climate change.”

The functions of the Santiago Network were defined at COP 26 and the COP 27 decision made progress towards establishing its institutional arrangements, paving the way for its full operationalisation. 

 

https://unfccc.int/santiago-network/about

14th GFMD Summit - High Level Panel on Climate Mobility

The UN Development Programme (UNDP), the UN Office for Disaster Risk Reduction (UNDRR) and the World Meteorological Organization (WMO) are collaborating to develop a new tracking system to record and analyse hazardous events and disaster losses and damages.

The new system will be fully aligned with the Sendai Framework and related SDG targets and indicators, and interoperable with the WMO Catalogue of Hazardous events which will provide authoritative records of weather, climate, and water-related hazardous events at the national and regional levels. 

The new system will allow countries to generate better analytics and data visualization to support risk-informed development, disaster preparedness, and humanitarian action.

https://www.undp.org/press-releases/undp-wmo-and-undrr-issue-statement-tracking-hazardous-events-and-disaster-losses-and-damages

14th GFMD Summit - High Level Panel on Climate Mobility

The IOM Displacement Tracking Matrix (DTM) gathers and analyzes data to disseminate critical multi layered information on the mobility, vulnerabilities, and needs of displaced and mobile populations that enables decision makers and responders to provide these populations with better context specific assistance.

DTM data enables decision-makers and humanitarian partners to maximize resources and deliver efficiently, better-targeted, humanitarian and post crisis programs. IOM provides DTM data as a common resource to all actors in humanitarian responses and actors engaged in supporting populations on the move.  

https://dtm.iom.int/

14th GFMD Summit - High Level Panel on Climate Mobility

The Words into Action guide offers practical guidance to help government authorities integrate disaster displacement and other related forms of human mobility into regional, national, sub-national and local DRR strategies in accordance with Target (E) of the Sendai Framework, to revise or develop DRR strategies by 2020. It provides basic background information and highlights the various roles DRR and DRM can play in reducing, preparing for and responding to disaster displacement.

The guide is primarily intended to support the work of:

• Regional, national, sub-national and local DRM actors, particularly disaster management agencies, civil defence and emergency responders in addressing disaster displacement risk.
• National and regional governments in ensuring that policies to avoid and manage displacement within and across borders are coherent across all relevant sectors.
• National and sub-national law and policymakers, such as parliamentarians, in regulating the inclusion of measures to reduce and manage disaster displacement.
• Local authorities responsible for land-use planning and urban development in reducing vulnerabilities and exposure that may lead to displacement, and in ensuring disaster displacement risk is included in spatial development plans.
• Others, such as international organisations, civil society, community-based organisations, and academics, may also find it useful.

https://disasterdisplacement.org/resource/wiadd/#:~:text=This%20Words%20into%20Action%20guide,or%20develop%20DRR%20strategies%20by

14th GFMD Summit - High Level Panel on Climate Mobility

Taking into account of the lessons learned and experiences gained from the implementation of National Strategy for Disaster Risk Management 2009, the learnings and experiences of the Gorkha earthquake 2015 and recent other disasters for reducing the existing disaster risks and preventing of new potential risks, this National Disaster Risk Reduction Policy 2018 has been prepared to build safer, adaptive and resilience nation from disaster risks. This policy has been approved by Disaster Risk Reduction and Management National Council as per the mandate of Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Act 2017, Section 5(a) on 18th June 2018 (4 Ashad 2075) and came into effect thereafter.

The long-term vision of this policy is to contribute to sustainable development by making the nation safer, climate adaptive and resilient from disaster risk.

The mission of this policy is to substantially reduce the disaster risk and losses in lives, livelihoods and health as well as in the economic, social and physical infrastructure and cultural and environmental assets of persons, communities and nation and to increase their resiliency by implementing disaster risk reduction and management activities in a balanced way. 

The goal of this policy is to reduce disaster mortality and number of affected people substantially, increase resiliency by reducing disaster damage to means of livelihoods as well as critical infrastructures and disruption of basic services such as agriculture, industry, roads, communication, water supply and sanitation, education and health facilities, and reduce direct disaster economic loss.

http://drrportal.gov.np/uploads/document/1476.pdf

14th GFMD Summit - High Level Panel on Climate Mobility

This policy paper presents key considerations and calls for action to ensure countries in contexts of fragility, conflict and violence are supported by all relevant EWS stakeholders and especially donors, humanitarian and development agencies and civil society actors.

The Early Warnings for All (EW4All) Initiative launched by the UN Secretary‐General in November 2022 at COP27 aims for the whole world to be protected by an early warning system by the end of 2027. While important attention and resources have been directed towards putting the initiative into practice, a greater focus is needed on how fragile, conflict‐ and violence‐affected countries can successfully implement early warning systems, including elements of systems that may need to be adapted or developed.

To address existing needs and to support the success of EW4All, the Centre of Excellence for Climate and Disaster Resilience (Centre of Excellence) – which is jointly led by the World Meteorological Organization (WMO) and the United Nations Office for Disaster Risk Reduction (UNDRR) and currently comprises fourteen international organisations plus partners 4 – is committed to assisting the establishment and strengthening of early warning systems in FCV contexts, so as to ensure that communities living in these situations aren’t left behind.

https://www.undrr.org/publication/early-warning-systems-and-early-action-fragile-conflict-and-violent-contexts-addressing

14th GFMD Summit - High Level Panel on Climate Mobility

WMO has been long calling for the creation of a sustainable capability to coordinate enhanced support to humanitarian agencies from the United Nations and other organizations in case of natural disasters. In 2019, during the 18th World Meteorological Congress, WMO Members endorsed the resolution 14 and tasked the Services Commission (SERCOM) to develop the WMO Coordination Mechanism (WCM), which the main objective is to enable access to authoritative weather, water and climate information and the provision of expert advice from WMO Members to the UN and other humanitarian agencies to advance Anticipatory Action and Crisis Support.

The purpose of the WCM is to enable access to authoritative weather, water and climate information and the provision of expert advice from WMO Members to the UN and other humanitarian agencies to advance Anticipatory Action and Crisis Support. The WCM is a platform to leverage the collective strength of the WMO community, delivering timely, accurate, and actionable advice to the UN and humanitarian agencies. The impact of WCM on anticipatory measures builds on the specific needs of the humanitarian sector coupled with authoritative information and advice from WMO Members.

https://community.wmo.int/en/activity-areas/wmo-coordination-mechanism-wcm#:~:text=WMO%20Coordination%20Mechanism%20(WCM)%20to%20support%20humanitarian%20activities,-About%20WCM&text=WCM%20provides%20weather%2C%20water%2C%20climate,the%20UN%20and%20humanitarian%20agencies.

14th GFMD Summit - High Level Panel on Climate Mobility

The UN Secretary-General launched in March 2022, the Early Warnings for All initiative which called for every person on Earth to be protected by early warning systems within five years by 2027. 

In November 2022, the UN Secretary-General launched at COP27 an Executive Action Plan to implement the initiative and designated as the co-leads the World Meteorological Organization (WMO) and the United Nations Office for Disaster Risk Reduction (UNDRR). 

Under the Action Plan, different organizations will lead the implementation of the four elements or pillars that make up the early warning chain:

• Pillar 1: Disaster risk knowledge, is led by UNDRR. 
  
  Risk knowledge represents the first foundational pillar of effective early warning systems. However, significant gaps in terms of risk information and assessments persist worldwide. Less than half of the countries with existing early warning systems have access to appropriate disaster risk information, and even fewer have national legislation and regulatory frameworks for emergency response. 
  
  To address this, Pillar 1 aims to enhance global risk knowledge and integrate it into inclusive, accessible, and effective early warning systems. Activities under Pillar 1 will focus on strengthening the production, access, dissemination, and use of risk information, fostering stronger stakeholder coordination, promoting innovation, and empowering decision-makers and vulnerable communities to understand, identify, and respond to risks. 
   
• Pillar 2: Detection, observations, monitoring, analysis and forecasting of hazards, is led by WMO.  
   
• Pillar 3: Warning dissemination and communication, is led by the International Telecommunication Union (ITU).  
   
• Pillar 4: Preparedness to respond, is led by the International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies (IFRC).    

https://www.undrr.org/early-warnings-for-all

14th GFMD Summit - High Level Panel on Climate Mobility

The Summit on a New Global Financing Pact (NGFP), held in Paris on 22-23 June 2023, helped establish a common diagnosis on the challenges and necessary efforts to achieve the joint objectives of eliminating poverty and preserving the planet.

The Paris Pact for People and the Planet (4P) issued on this occasion provides a political pathway grounded in shared principles to make sure all voices are heard in order to scale-up finance where the needs are greatest. With 38 countries endorsing it on all continents, the 4P is confirming its role as a consensual roadmap to consolidate efforts to be undertaken in relevant international fora in the months to come. 

The aim is to reach a world where poverty has been eradicated and the planet preserved. Where vulnerable countries are better equipped to tackle crises stemming from climate change and conflict. To do so, it is necessary to mobilize all sources of financing, including official development assistance, national resources and private investment.

There are 4 main overarching principles:

1. No country should have to choose between fighting poverty and saving the planet
2. Every country adopts its own transition strategy, taking into account its needs and its constraints when it come to achieving the Paris Agreement targets
3. Need for a financial boost and more resources to assist vulnerable economies in helping their populations out of poverty, while protecting the planet
4. The international financial system must be more efficient and the role of private capital is key. 

https://pactedeparis.org/en.php

14th GFMD Summit - High Level Panel on Climate Mobility